Issue War
The Man from Abilene
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Eisenhower’s biographical 1952 commercial “The Man from Abilene” reminded voters of his World War II heroics and suggested that he was the right man to deal with the war in Korea.
In 1956, with tensions simmering in Eastern Europe and the Suez Canal, the Democrats used a conversation between nominee Adlai Stevenson and rising star John Kennedy to suggest that “Peace Is Non-Partisan.”
Richard Nixon and running mate Henry Cabot Lodge, using the slogan “They Understand What Peace Demands,” proclaimed that the Communist threat was the most important issue. This ad implied that the relatively young Kennedy could not be trusted with this grave responsibility.
As the 1960s progressed, Vietnam replaced the Cold War as the major military issue. An angry “Raymond Massey” railed against the growing casualty count in Vietnam in a commercial that evokes parallels to antiwar sentiments about the current situation in Iraq.
Richard Nixon’s 1968 commercial “Vietnam” also laid blame for the escalation of the Vietnam quagmire.
President Carter’s approval ratings in 1980 were hurt severely by the Iran hostage crisis, and there was a defensive tone to his ad “Commander 60,” which reminded voters of Carter’s long years of military service (and, implicitly, Ronald Reagan’s lack thereof).
Reagan’s 1980 commercial “Peace” assailed Carter’s leadership as weak and vacillating, while also reassuring voters that his own goal was peace and restraint.
Invoking John Kennedy and Harry Truman, Walter Mondale’s 1984 commercial “Arms Control 5” again tried to reclaim the issue for the Democratic Party.
With Iraq at the center of the 2004 election, President Bush’s campaign used this ad to convey the traditional message that Kerry is a liberal Democrat who doesn’t support essential weapons systems.
Kerry’s ad “Risk” countered this stereotype in an ad intended to wrest control of the issue from the Republicans.